Pugwash is deeply involved in South Asia, organizing Track-two dialogues on Kashmir, regional relations, the future of Afghanistan, and confidence building measures about nuclear weapons and military cooperation. Instability in the region is profound, given the situation in Afghanistan, and the current low ebb of the India-Pakistan strategic relationship. Pugwash has stressed the need to create a counter-narrative to continuing conflict.

The presence of nuclear weapons has a particular influence on the security environment and prospects for harmonious relations between India and Pakistan. Pugwash continues to foster cooperation between the political and military establishments of India and Pakistan, with many ground-breaking meetings. Pugwash has also maintained the Track-two effort that sought to bring together Pakistani and American experts to discuss Pakistan-US ties, arguably one of the most critical and complex interstate relations today.

Furthermore, in Afghanistan, Pugwash has conducted many consultations to promote peaceful reconciliation between all parties, including retaining a regional approach which is mindful of the role that India and Pakistan must play for stability in this volatile part of the world.

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